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Engineering Electromagnetics

Laboratory Exercise No. 4: Moving Magnetic Fields

Objective

In this lab, you will use Maxwell\textquotesingle s Transient Solver to
model Faraday\textquotesingle s Law. You will model a

magnetic field moving through and around a coil to induce current within
the coil.

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

A tutorial can be found at the following links:

\begin{itemize}
\item
  \url{https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LW9TcpkZaZY}~ (Part 1)
\item
  \url{https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MruPdh_6hi0}~ (Part 2)
\item
  \url{https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZGn-gQPVn3Y} (Part 3)
\end{itemize}

1 Current Induced by Magnetic Field

You will demonstrate how the electric and magnetic fields react to a
magnet moving through an inductor.

\textbf{Structure}

\textbf{Coil}

\begin{enumerate}
\def\labelenumi{\arabic{enumi}.}
\item
  \begin{quote}
  Create a 5-turn coil with an outer diameter 2 mm and wire thickness of
  0.4 mm (diameter).
  \end{quote}
\item
  \begin{quote}
  Extend the faces of the coil ends
  \end{quote}

  \begin{enumerate}
  \def\labelenumii{\alph{enumii}.}
  \item
    \begin{quote}
    Select the face
    \end{quote}
  \item
    \begin{quote}
    Right Click =\textgreater{} Select Surface =\textgreater Sweep Along
    Normal (for 5 mm)
    \end{quote}
  \end{enumerate}
\item
  \begin{quote}
  Select the coil and face extrusions and unite them
  \end{quote}

  \begin{enumerate}
  \def\labelenumii{\alph{enumii}.}
  \item
    \begin{quote}
    Select all and Right-Click
    \end{quote}
  \item
    \begin{quote}
    Edit =\textgreater{} Boolean =\textgreater{} Unite
    \end{quote}
  \end{enumerate}
\item
  \begin{quote}
  Change the material to copper
  \end{quote}
\end{enumerate}

\includegraphics[width=4.62425in,height=3.6118in]{media/image1.png}

\begin{quote}
\textbf{Magnet}
\end{quote}

\begin{enumerate}
\def\labelenumi{\arabic{enumi}.}
\item
  Create a Regular Polyhedron

  \begin{enumerate}
  \def\labelenumii{\alph{enumii}.}
  \item
    A shape of 8 segments
  \item
    A height of 1 mm and a diameter of 0.5 mm
  \end{enumerate}
\item
  Change the material to NdFe36
\end{enumerate}

\includegraphics[width=1.4694in,height=1.7165in]{media/image2.png}

\begin{quote}
\textbf{Band}
\end{quote}

\begin{enumerate}
\def\labelenumi{\arabic{enumi}.}
\item
  Create a Regular Polyhedron

  \begin{enumerate}
  \def\labelenumii{\alph{enumii}.}
  \item
    A shape of 12 segments
  \item
    A height of 25 mm and a diameter of 1 mm
  \end{enumerate}
\item
  Change the material to vacuum
\item
  (Optional) Change the transparency to 75\%

  \begin{enumerate}
  \def\labelenumii{\alph{enumii}.}
  \item
    Select and Right-Click
  \item
    Edit =\textgreater{} Properties =\textgreater{} Transparent
    =\textgreater{} 0.75
  \end{enumerate}
\end{enumerate}

\includegraphics[width=3.67752in,height=4.24509in]{media/image3.png}

\begin{quote}
\textbf{Region}
\end{quote}

\begin{enumerate}
\def\labelenumi{\arabic{enumi}.}
\item
  Create a Region
\item
  The Region can have 0 padding in all directions.
\end{enumerate}

\includegraphics[width=3.54241in,height=3.94432in]{media/image4.png}

\textbf{Simulation}

\begin{enumerate}
\def\labelenumi{\arabic{enumi}.}
\item
  Transient for the Solution Setup
\item
  Add Motion Setup to the Band

  \begin{enumerate}
  \def\labelenumii{\alph{enumii}.}
  \item
    Select Band
  \item
    Go to Maxwell 3D =\textgreater{} Model =\textgreater{} Motion Setup
    =\textgreater{} Assign Band
  \item
    Double-check that the motion will be along the z-axis
  \end{enumerate}
\item
  Set the initial position

  \begin{enumerate}
  \def\labelenumii{\alph{enumii}.}
  \item
    Go to the Data tab
  \item
    Set the initial position between the bottoms of the band and coil
  \item
    Add the negative and positive limits above bottom of the band and
    below the bottom of the coil
  \item
    Set the negative limit to the initial position
  \item
    Set the positive limit translational limit between the band and
    above the coil
  \end{enumerate}
\item
  Set the velocity

  \begin{enumerate}
  \def\labelenumii{\alph{enumii}.}
  \item
    Mechanical tab and set the velocity in mm/s.
  \item
    Set the velocity to 10 mm/s
  \end{enumerate}
\end{enumerate}

\begin{quote}
\textbf{Excitation}
\end{quote}

\begin{enumerate}
\def\labelenumi{\arabic{enumi}.}
\item
  Add a Coil Terminal Excitation

  \begin{enumerate}
  \def\labelenumii{\alph{enumii}.}
  \item
    Select the face of the end of the coil and Right-Click
  \item
    Assign Excitation =\textgreater{} Coil Terminal
  \item
    Number of conductors is one
  \item
    Do this for each face, they should both be going in the same
    direction
  \end{enumerate}
\item
  Add a winding

  \begin{enumerate}
  \def\labelenumii{\alph{enumii}.}
  \item
    Add the two coil terminals to it
  \item
    Go to the Properties

    \begin{enumerate}
    \def\labelenumiii{\roman{enumiii}.}
    \item
      Set the type to external solid
    \item
      Set the initial current to 0 A
    \end{enumerate}
  \end{enumerate}
\end{enumerate}

\begin{quote}
\textbf{External Circuit}
\end{quote}

\begin{enumerate}
\def\labelenumi{\arabic{enumi}.}
\item
  Assign the RL Circuit to the coil

  \begin{enumerate}
  \def\labelenumii{\alph{enumii}.}
  \item
    Select one of the faces of the coil and Right-Click
  \item
    Assign Excitation =\textgreater{} External Circuit =\textgreater{}
    Edit External Circuit =\textgreater Add Circuit
  \end{enumerate}
\item
  Create the RL Circuit

  \begin{enumerate}
  \def\labelenumii{\alph{enumii}.}
  \item
    Go to Project and ``Insert Maxwell Circuit Design''
  \item
    Connect a 100 Ohm Resistor and an Inductor in series

    \begin{enumerate}
    \def\labelenumiii{\roman{enumiii}.}
    \item
      No power supply and ground one side
    \end{enumerate}
  \end{enumerate}
\item
  Export the netlist, Maxwell Circuit =\textgreater{} Export Netlist
\end{enumerate}

\includegraphics[width=2.92497in,height=1.83722in]{media/image5.png}

\textbf{Eddy Currents}

\begin{enumerate}
\def\labelenumi{\arabic{enumi}.}
\item
  Add an Eddy Circuit Excitations to the helix(Maxwell 3D → Excitations
  → Set Eddy Effects).
\end{enumerate}

\begin{quote}
\textbf{Mesh Operations}
\end{quote}

\begin{enumerate}
\def\labelenumi{\arabic{enumi}.}
\item
  Select the coil and Right-Click

  \begin{enumerate}
  \def\labelenumii{\alph{enumii}.}
  \item
    Assign Mesh Operations =\textgreater{} Inside Selection
    =\textgreater{} Length Based
  \item
    Number of elements should be 10,000
  \end{enumerate}
\end{enumerate}

\begin{quote}
\textbf{Solution Setup}
\end{quote}

\begin{enumerate}
\def\labelenumi{\arabic{enumi}.}
\item
  Add a solution setup.
\item
  Assign the stop time to when your magnet will finish moving.

  \begin{enumerate}
  \def\labelenumii{\alph{enumii}.}
  \item
    Stop time at 10 ms with steps of 0.2 ms
  \item
    Do this in both the General and Save Fields tab
  \end{enumerate}
\item
  Go the Save Field tab

  \begin{enumerate}
  \def\labelenumii{\alph{enumii}.}
  \item
    Change your step size to have at least 10 steps
  \item
    Click the replace list button
  \end{enumerate}
\end{enumerate}

\begin{quote}
\textbf{Magnetic Field}
\end{quote}

\begin{enumerate}
\def\labelenumi{\arabic{enumi}.}
\item
  Add the Magnetic Field Vector or Magnitude

  \begin{enumerate}
  \def\labelenumii{\alph{enumii}.}
  \item
    Select the Region and Right-Click
  \item
    Fields =\textgreater{} B =\textgreater{} Mag\_B or B\_Vector
  \item
    Analyze all and you should be good to go!
  \end{enumerate}
\end{enumerate}

Calculator

Use the Ansys calculator to get the current leaving the coil as a
function of the magnet passing through the coil. You should be able to
plot this as a function of distance or time since the magnet is moving
at a constant speed.

Variables

Repeat the example twice with the magnet outside of the coil at
different distances. Keep

the magnet perpendicular to the coil.

Laboratory Write-up

Explain your results. Handing in excellent data without explanations is
not enough. There should be an introduction to the lab, figures of
results, Maxwell code (if necessary; preferably in an appendix), an
explanation for each figure, and a summary of what you learned in the
exercise.

Use App Note format for this report. Templates can be found on Canvas.
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