4th Semseter files

4th-Semester-Spring-2023/Embedded/Lectures/Lecture01/Jan19_CirArea.c

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+#include <stdio.h>
+#define PI 3.141593
+
+float circleArea(float radius);
+
+int main()
+{
+	float radius = 5;
+	printf("Area of circle with radius %4.3f is %4.3f\n", radius, circleArea(radius));
+	return 0;
+}
+
+float circleArea(float radius)
+{
+	return PI * radius * radius;
+}

4th-Semester-Spring-2023/Embedded/Lectures/Lecture01/Jan19_SubF.c

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+#include <stdio.h>
+
+float average(int a, int b, int c)
+{
+	return (a + b + c) / 3.0;
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+	printf("%4.3f\n", average(4, 5, 6));
+	return 0;
+}

4th-Semester-Spring-2023/Embedded/Lectures/Lecture05/Makefile

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+ifndef $(MSPGCCDIR)
+	MSPGCCDIR=$(HOME)/ti/msp430-gcc
+endif
+#paths
+INCLUDES_DIRECTORY = $(MSPGCCDIR)/include
+
+DEVICE = msp430fr2355
+
+# compiler options
+CC=$(MSPGCCDIR)/bin/msp430-elf-gcc
+
+CFLAGS = -I . -I $(INCLUDES_DIRECTORY) -mmcu=$(DEVICE) -g -mhwmult=f5series
+LFLAGS = -L . -L $(INCLUDES_DIRECTORY)
+
+# mspdebug driver -- used for installation
+DRIVER:= tilib
+
+# Compiling
+all: main.elf
+
+%.elf : %.c
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(LFLAGS) $< -o $@
+
+install: main.elf
+	mspdebug $(DRIVER) "prog $<" --allow-fw-update
+
+clean:
+	rm -f *.o *.elf

4th-Semester-Spring-2023/Embedded/Lectures/Lecture05/notes.md

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+# Intro to Embedded Systems Lecture Notes: January 31st, 2023
+
+## POLLING
+
+**Initialize the port**
+
+Output:
+```c
+    P6DIR |= BIT6;
+    P6OUT &= ~BIT6;
+```
+Input:
+```c
+    P4DIR &= ~BIT1;
+```
+Clear LOCKLPM5 (Lock low-power mode) from PMCTL0 (Power management control):
+```c
+   PMCTL0 &= ~LOCKLPM5;
+```
+
+Program the board
+
+**Floating condition: not 1 or 0**
+        Fix using pull-up/pull-down resistor
+ 
+## PULL-UP / PULL-DOWN RESISTORS
+
+**Pull-up resesistor**
+- Active Low
+- Mostly preferrable for MCUs
+- Safety -> reduces noise
+
+**Pull-down resistor**
+- Active high
+
+## I/O Configuration
+
+
+| P<sub>x</sub>DIR | P<sub>x</sub>REN | P<sub>x</sub>OUT | Comment        |
+|-------|-------|-------|----------------|
+|    0  |     0 |     X | Input          |
+|    0  |     1 |     0 | Input with PDR |
+|    0  |     1 |     1 | Input with PUR |
+|    1  |     X |     X | Output         |
+
+## LOW POWER MODE
+
+| SCG<sub>1 | SCG<sub>0 | OSC OFF | CPU OFF | Mode     |
+|------|------|---------|---------|----------|
+|    0 |    0 |       0 |       0 | Active   |
+|    0 |    0 |       0 |       1 | LPM0     |
+|    0 |    1 |       0 |       1 | LPM1     |
+|    1 |    0 |       0 |       1 | LPM2     |
+|    1 |    1 |       0 |       1 | LPM3     |
+|    1 |    1 |       1 |       1 | LPM4     | 
+
+## WHEN INTERRUPT HAPPENS
+- Processor stops what it's doing
+- Stores information to later resume
+- Executes interrupt service routine (ISR)
+- Restores saved information
+- Resumes execution

4th-Semester-Spring-2023/Embedded/Lectures/Lecture06/notes.md

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+# Intro to Embedded Systems Lecture Notes: February 2nd, 2023
+
+## Registers
+
+|Reg Name|Function|
+|-------|-------|
+|P<sub>x</sub>SEL| Function select register
+|P<sub>x</sub>DIR | Whether input or output
+|P<sub>x</sub>OUT| Output value
+|P<sub>x</sub>IN| Input value
+|P<sub>x</sub>REN |Pull-up / Pull-down resistor
+|P<sub>x</sub>IE | Interrupt enable
+|P<sub>x</sub>IFG | Interrupt flag register
+|P<sub>x</sub>IES | Interrupt edge select register
+
+
+## P<sub>x</sub>SEL
+
+|P<sub>x</sub>SEL1|P<sub>x</sub>SEL0| I/O Function
+|----|-----|----
+|0|0|General purpose I/O
+|0|1|ADC
+|1|0|Timer
+|1|1|Digital Communication (SPI / UART / I<sup>2</sup>C)
+
+## Using P<sub>x</sub>SEL to Modify Behavior of P<sub>1.7</sub>
+
+### GPIO Function
+```
+P1SEL1 &= ~BIT7;
+P1SEL0 &= ~BIT7;
+```
+
+### ADC Function
+```
+P1SEL1 &= ~BIT7;
+P1SEL0 |= BIT7;
+```
+
+### Timer Function
+```
+P1SEL1 |= BIT7;
+P1SEL0 &= ~BIT7;
+```
+
+### SPI (Requires 4 Pins)
+```
+P1SEL1 |= 0xF0;
+P1SEL0 |= 0xF0;
+```
+
+## Using P<sub>x</sub>IE, P<sub>x</sub>IFG, and P<sub>x</sub>IES
+
+|Level Triggering | Edge Triggering |
+|--|--|
+|Signal asserted when high| Signal asseted on positive* edge
+|Signal not asserted when low| 
+
+\* positive edge only used when using positive edge triggering. Negative edge triggering also exists
+
+
+

4th-Semester-Spring-2023/Embedded/Lectures/Lecture07/notes.md

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+# Intro to Embedded Systems Lecture Notes: February 7th, 2023
+
+## Using Interrupts
+```c
+#define INTERRUPT_PINS 0x03
+
+int main(void)
+{
+    P4IE |= INTERRUPT_PINS;                                     // Local interrupt enable
+    P4IFG |= INTERRUPT_PINS;
+    P4IES |= INTERRUPT_PINS;
+
+    _enable_interrupts();                                       // Global interrupt enable
+    __bis_SR_register(GIE);
+
+    while (true)
+    {
+        ...
+    }
+     return 0;
+}
+
+// Port 4 interrupt service routine
+void __attribute__ ((interrupt(PORT4_VECTOR))) Port_4 (void)
+{
+    ...
+}
+```
+
+## Interrupt Servicing Summary
+1. Interrupt Pending
+2. Complete Current Instruction
+3. Clear SR
+4. Retrieve starting address of ISR & put address in PC
+5. Execute ISR
+6. Pop SR and PC from stack
+7. Continue to main program
+
+## Multiple Interrupts
+### Three Types:
+1. Reset Interrupt
+2. Maskable Interrupt
+    - ADC, port, timer, e_USCI
+    - User-asserted event
+3. Non-Maskable Interrupt
+    - Fault, error detection
+    - Oscillator fault
+    - Flash key violation
+
+## Priority of Interrupts
+1. Timers
+2. e_USCI
+3. ADC
+4. Port